Thursday, January 23, 2020
Premonitions :: essays research papers
Gracie lives in Washington State with her Aunt Shay and cousin Diego. Her father deserted her when she was a young girl, and her mother was killed a year and a half ago. She makes no effort to listen to her â€Å"best friend†Emily, and that’s one of the reasons Gracie feels bad when Emily disappears. Another reason is because Gracie has premonitions. They’ve been with her since before her mother died. She never knows if she is seeing the past, the present, or the future. But she did see Emily. Gracie did not know where or when the premonition took place, but she felt the fear in Emily’s body. No news of Emily’s disappearance goes on for days, but as the days go on, Gracie sees a premonition here and there. A waterfall here, a passing light there, but they make no sense. Gracie goes to a computer camp where Emily was supposed to register. She has a feeling that there is some sort of connection with the camp because another girl disappeared who was a member of it. She sees more premonitions, but all they do is confuse her even more than she already is. One premonition shows her that another girl is going to be kidnapped at a park. Gracie convinces her cousin to take her there. Dora, a girl from the camp, is the girl from her vision. She tells her she is psychic and she has to leave the park before she is kidnapped. Dora leaves, and the head of the camp, Jonah Castle, believes that Gracie is Dora. Gracie plays along and she is led to a boat. She knows that somewhere in her visions, there was a boat. She feels close, and she doesn’t pick up any bad reading from Jonah. When they get to the boat, she runs on to find out that she is being kidnapped. Gracie had not seen Dora in her vision. She has seen herself. Jonah soon comes and explains his way of taking underprivileged children and putting them together in a secluded home. It has every essential a child could want, but the children are taken from their normal lives. Insid e the house, she finds Emily, along with other children. Gracie soon realizes that there is no hope of escaping. And she’s the only one who cares. Gracie quickly becomes a favorite of Jonah.
Tuesday, January 14, 2020
30 Seconds to Mars Essay
Launched in 1998 by the band’s front man Jared Leto and his older brother, drummer Shannon Leto, 30 Seconds to Mars found success in the 2000’s with their musical mix of post-grunge, scream, and hard rock. The band gained an audience with its self-titled debut, but it was the platinum-selling album â€Å"A Beautiful Lie†that opened the doors in 2005, gaining the band a spot on MTV while making the way for a long road of tours. The bands mates also showed a high appreciation for marketing, which they revisited several years later by using fan’s pictures for their third album, â€Å"This Is War†. Jared Leto enlisted the help of his brother and co-founded 30 Seconds to Mars in 1998. The group made its studio appearance four years later, releasing a self-titled album whose post-grunge sound betrayed an affinity for groups like Chevelle and Incubus. Although it only achieved modest success, the growing 30 Seconds to Mars still laid the foundation for a healthy career. Before all the great hype the band first started in 1998 it wasn’t well known so they expanded their music by coming to America, gold status in multiple foreign countries, and producing several singles, including two Top 10 rock hits. 30 Seconds to Mars heavily toured as a result, sporting a new lineup that included lead guitarist Tomo Miliceivc and bassist Matt Wachter in addition to the two Letos. Wachter threw in the towel in 2007, the band continued to tour around the world for the rest of the year, making several major festivals such as Roskilde and Pinkpop. They also played opening shows for bands like The Used and Linkin Park. The band has gone through a lot in their background for the band itself and the members. Created in 1998 by Jared Leto (vocals and guitar) and his brother, Shannon (drums), 30 Seconds to Mars merely began as a small family project. Things began to speed up quickly, however, and Matt Wachter later joined the band as bassist. After a small revolving door of guitarists (as the band’s first two guitarists, Kevin Drake and Solon Bixler, left the band due to issues primarily related to touring), the three auditioned Tomo Milicevic to round out the band’s roster. Matt Wachter plays keyboards for the band. Jared Leto might be a name that some people have heard before, before the band started he was a major actor. Their music is filled with emotions and are very personal to them (their songs are based on real life experiences) This band is not about fame, money, and any of that stuff. They are all about the music and they sing from their hearts. Jared never used his title as an actor to promote his band and never will. Their unique style of music and heart moving lyrics fills the listeners heart with so much emotion.
Monday, January 6, 2020
Humpty Dumptys Philosophy of Language
In Chapter 6 of Through the Looking Glass Alice meets Humpty Dumpty, who she recognizes immediately since she knows about him from the nursery rhyme. Humpty is a bit irritable, but he turns out to have some thought-provoking notions about language, and philosophers of language have been quoting him ever since. Must a Name Have a Meaning? Humpty begins by asking Alice her name and her business:            ‘My name is Alice, but––‘           ‘It’s a stupid name enough!’ Humpty Dumpty interrupted impatiently. ‘What does it mean?’           ‘Must a name mean something?’ Alice asked doubtfully.           ‘Of course it must,’ Humpty Dumpty said with a short laugh: ‘my name means the shape I am–and a good handsome shape it is too. With a name like yours, you might be any shape, almost.’ As in many other respects, the looking glass world, at least as described by Humpty Dumpty, is the inverse of Alice’s everyday world (which is also ours). In the everyday world, names typically have little or no meaning: ‘Alice,’ ‘Emily,’ ‘Jamal,’ ‘Christiano,’ usually do nothing other than denoting an individual. They can certainly have connotations: that’s why there are so many more people called ‘David’ (the heroic king of ancient Israel) than are called ‘Judas’ (the betrayer of Jesus). And we can sometimes infer (though not with perfect certainty) incidental acts about a person from their name: e.g. their sex, their religion (or that of their parents), or their nationality. But names usually tell us little else about their bearers. From the fact that someone is called ‘Grace,’ we can’t infer that they are graceful. Apart from the fact that most proper names are gendered, so parents don’t usually call a boy ‘Josephine’ or a girl ‘William,’ a person can be given pretty much any name from a very long list. General terms, on the other hand, cannot be applied arbitrarily. The word ‘tree’ can’t be applied to an egg; and the word ‘egg’ can’t mean a tree. That is because words like these, unlike proper names, have a definite meaning. But in Humpty Dumpty’s world, things are the other way round. Proper names must have a meaning, while any ordinary word, as he tells Alice later, means whatever he wants it to mean–that is, he can stick them on things the way we stick names on people. Playing Language Games With Humpty Dumpty Humpty delights in riddles and games. And like many other Lewis Carroll characters, he loves to exploit the difference between the way words are conventionally understood and their literal meaning. Here are a couple of examples.       ‘Why do you sit out here all alone?’ said Alice†¦..           ‘Why, because there’s nobody with me!’ cried Humpty Dumpty. ‘Did you think I didn’t know the answer to that?’ The joke here stems from the ambiguity of the ‘Why?’ question. Alice means ‘What causes have brought it about that you sit here alone?’ This is the normal way the question is understood. Possible answers might be that Humpty dislikes people, or that his friends and neighbors have all gone away for the day. But he takes the question in a different sense, as asking something like: under what circumstances would we say that you (or anyone) are alone? Since his answer rests on nothing more than the definition of the word ‘alone,’ it is completely uninformative, which is what makes it funny. A second example needs no analysis.            ‘So here’s a question for you{says Humpty]. How old did you say you were?           Alice made a short calculation, and said ‘Seven years and six months.’           ‘Wrong!’ Humpty Dumpty exclaimed triumphantly. You never said a word like it.’           ‘I thought you meant â€Å"How old are you?†’ Alice explained.           ‘If I’d meant that, I’d have said it,’ said Humpty Dumpty. How Do Words Get Their Meaning? The following exchange between Alice and Humpty Dumpty has been cited countless times by philosophers of language:            ‘†¦and that shows that there are three hundred and sixty-four days when you might get un-birthday presents––‘           ‘Certainly,’ said Alice.           ‘And only one for birthday presents, you know. There’s glory for you!’                 ‘I don’t know what you mean by â€Å"glory†,’ Alice said.           ‘Humpty Dumpty smiled contemptuously. ‘Of course you don’t–till I tell you. I meant â€Å"there’s a nice knock-down argument for you!†’           ‘But â€Å"glory†doesn’t mean â€Å"a nice knock-down argument†, Alice objected.           †˜When I use a word,’ Humpty Dumpty said in rather a scornful tone, ‘it means just what I choose it to mean–neither more nor less.’           ‘The question is,’ said Alice, ‘whether you can make words mean different things–that’s all.’           ‘The question is,’ said Humpty Dumpty, ‘which is to be master–that’s all’ In his Philosophical Investigations (published in 1953), Ludwig Wittgenstein argues against the idea of a â€Å"private language.†Language, he maintains, is essentially social, and words get their meanings from the way they are used by communities of language users. If he is right, and most philosophers think he is, then Humpty’s claim that he can decide for himself what words mean, is wrong. Of course, a small group of people, even just two people, could decide to give words novel meanings. E.g. Two children could invent a code according to which â€Å"sheep†means â€Å"ice cream†and â€Å"fish†means money. But in that case, it is still possible for one of them to misuse a word and for the other speaker to point out the mistake. But if I alone decide what words mean, it becomes impossible to identify mistaken uses. This is Humpty’s situation if words simply mean whatever he wants them to mean. So Alice’s skepticism about Humpty’s ability to decide for himself what words mean is well-founded. But Humpty’s response is interesting. He says it comes down to ‘which is to be master.’ Presumably, he means: are we to master language, or is language to master us? This is a profound and complex question. On the one hand, language is a human creation: we didn’t find it lying around, ready-made. On the other hand, each of us is born into a linguistic world and a linguistic community which, whether we like it or not, provides us with our basic conceptual categories, and shapes the way we perceive the world. Language is certainly a tool that we use for our purposes; but it is also, to use a familiar metaphor, like a house in which we live.
Sunday, December 29, 2019
Summary Of The Walking Dead Essay - 1458 Words
Ethics to Zombies? The background of Kirkman’s â€Å"The Walking Dead†is a virus outbreak, causing dead people to continue to activities and addict to act as walking dead. In this comic book, he shapes a smart and powerful heroic character, Rick, in a zombie apocalypse, who is still able to maintain rational and leads the group to find a safer place for the sake of the interest of every survivor. In this book, Kirkman not only shows how the protagonists manage to fight the zombies; but also explores human nature. While excited on the details of the story and entangled in the fate of each character, people will reasonably find out there are more questions about a zombie apocalypse. Since zombies are uncontrollable and already dominate the world, and every survivor’s emotion is unstable, what is the best way to self-defend and defend for others? The issues of how the humans do and what the humans should do have been discussed by lots people in different fields. Po rtraying Rick as a policeman, the guardian of civilization, Kirkman’s intention is salient that even in the zombie apocalypse, the old law and order are destroyed; the human beings are still able to rebuild a new world after defeating the zombies because human beings hope to survival, need law and order, have the conscience, and have the ability to rebuilt the civilization. To be or not to be? Honestly, when facing the â€Å"to be alive or to be dead†question, the instinct of people is choosing to be alive, this is aShow MoreRelatedSummary Of The Walking Dead 1649 Words  | 7 Pages Lenny Tolentino Brad Flis English 114 08 December 2015 The Walking Dead The Walking Dead is a television series which follows the story of a disease-causing infection that caused the Earth to be dominated by a zombie apocalypse. A group of survivors gets forced to fight for their lives against man/eating zombies. The main character in the show is Rick Grimes, a Sheriff Deputy who had been shot prior to the apocalypse event. Rick was later taken to a local hospital before the zombie epidemicRead MoreThe Horror Of Zombie Movies1493 Words  | 6 Pagesvirus that turn people into zombies. Nowadays, we have an outbreak of the zombie genres in our society like: movies, comics, games, etc. In my opinion, there are many popular zombie movies, but the most famous movies are The Walking Dead which was and World War Z. The Walking Dead is a television series, which is produced by AMC company and is created by Frank Darabont, depict a group of people trying to survive after the world has been infested by a zombie virus. On the other hand, World War Z, directedRead MoreRomans 8:1-17 as a Summary of Pauls Thoughts1146 Words  | 5 PagesThroughout passages in Paul s letter to the Romans, there are many themes that we have seen before in his other letters to the Corinthians, Galatians, and Thessalonians. Paul s passage in Romans 8:1-17 is a summary of all of his main thoughts that he wants every Christian to live his or her life according to. Paul uses references of the Spirit and the Flesh to communicate his ideas. There is therefore now no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus. For the law of the Spirit ofRead MoreChristian Narrative Vs. Cultural Narrative Within The United States978 Words  | 4 Pagesof the Christian narrative versus the cultural narrative within the United States. Those in the Christian narrative follow the standard of loving your neighbor as yourself, but your neighbor is every person, even a man like Matthew Poncelet in Dead Man Walking. This is where the character, Sister Helen Prejean, fights with following the principle of love how a Christian should against how culture says a Christian ought to follow it. This command of love initially appears in the book of Leviticus: DoRead MoreEssay on Does the Government have the Right to Play God?1054 Words  | 5 Pageslife. (Pew Research. 4, Nov. 2009. Web. 28 Apr. 2014.) Many feel the Mosaic Law, should be enacted, when there is a murder. A person who loses a loved one to a heinous crime may indeed seek justice. â€Å"Dead Man Walking†offers a satirical look at capital punishment. Here is a brief summary. Matthew Poncelet is a convicted killer of two teenage lovers and is preparing to end his life on death row. He blames everyone for the crimes except himself. Denial is his greatest weapon. In response to aRead MoreChapter Summary And Analysis Of Frankenstein 808 Words  | 4 PagesFrankenstein Journal and Chapter by Chapter Summary and Analysis Sam Thompson Letters I-IV Captain Robert Walton is on a ship bound for the North Pole, and describes to his sister back in England the progress of his mission. Soon, the ship becomes trapped in impassable ice. Walton encounters Victor Frankenstein, who has been traveling via dog sled across the ice. Walton takes the sick Frankenstein aboard, and thus Victor begins the story of the monster he created. Walton tells us through theRead MoreThe Revelation Of Jesus Christ967 Words  | 4 Pageshimself to the naysayers of his time. This will be accomplished by looking at several different factors that include topics of was Jesus mentally ill when he claimed to be God? How did Jesus prove that he was not only talking the talk but he was also walking the walk? This was done the evidence of the actions he performed. Finally, an evaluation will be done to prove that when an individual has a revelation of Jesus they are also seeing the image of God. There could be several explanations to how JesusRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Dead Poet Society 953 Words  | 4 Pages Paragraph #1 Summary of Dead Poet Society As an English teacher at Welton Academy, Mr. Keating encouraging his students to explore poetry in a unique fashion. Mr. Keating wants the students at the all-boys prep school to use their imagination; he wanted them to read beyond the stanza of a poem, he wanted them to feel the poem as an art form. He wants the boys to â€Å"Carpie Diem†(seize the day) (Mr. Keating, 0 14.) The first day of class, it is clear that Mr. Keating is not theRead MoreThe Guest And Its Movie Far From Men1731 Words  | 7 Pageschoices, however, Daru was not there to consult him in the different possibilities, but let him chose all on his own. In the very final lines, we see that Daru is threatened by the Arab’s â€Å"cousins†who want him dead for turning the Arab in, even if Daru only brought him to the pathway. In summary, the short story’s ending is suggested at the possibility of two different endings for the Arab, but ultimately the Arab does not look to his ot her possibility and wished to turn himself off instead of a chanceRead MoreEssay about The Stagecraft of Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are Dead1175 Words  | 5 Pages The Stagecraft of Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are Deadnbsp;nbsp; nbsp; â€Å"†¦a poor player, that struts and frets his hour upon the stage, and then is heard no more†¦Ã¢â‚¬ This quote from Macbeth is a perfect summary of the plot of Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are Dead. The dramatisation of the lives of these two unremarkable and virtually extraneous characters from Hamlet is an unlikely foundation for â€Å"one of the most†¦engaging of post-war plays†(Daily Telegraph). However, as with Samuel
Saturday, December 21, 2019
Essay Life for Medieval Women - 1331 Words
Medieval society was completely dominated by men, making a women’s life at the time difficult. Medieval law at the time stated that women could not marry without their parents consent, could not divorce their husbands, could not own property unless widows, could not inherit land if they had surviving brothers, and could own no business with special permission (Trueman, â€Å"Medieval Women†). When a woman married a man, he would get any property she owned and she would forfeit any rights she had to him. When the husband dies she would get one third of the land to live on and support herself. Unmarried women who owned land had the same rights as men (Hull). Whenever a woman got into trouble it would be her closest male relative who would appear†¦show more content†¦Midwives also perform emergency baptisms if the baby was ill or dying (Bovey). Careers Women had trouble advancing in trade and were usually barred from entering a guild (a group of skilled workers of the same trade). Typical duties would be to take care of the family, work out in the fields, be a servant to rich people, or make some sort of craft like cloths. Here’s a quote from a record in 1461: Various people of the weavers craft in Bristol employ their wives, daughters and maids either to weave at their looms, or to work for someone else at the same craft. Women would also be paid less than men for doing the same amount of work, an issue that is still around today. For reaping, a peasant man could get 8 pence a day. For the same task, peasant women would get 5 pence. For hay making, men would earn 6 pence a day while women got 4 pence (Trueman, â€Å"Medieval Women†). Common jobs for medieval women were shopkeepers, bakers, spinners, alewives, farmers, and silk weavers. There were even some women writers. Women worked more than one job because they got paid less than men therefore, in order to make an adequate income, they took on extra work. Being a spinner was the most common occupation of that time period. Women spent much of their time spinning wool into coarse thread, then weaving it into cloth and making garments (Hull). John Fitzherbert in his book A Book of Husbandry written in 1525 said of aShow MoreRelatedEssay on Abelard and Heloise836 Words  | 4 PagesThe gender views of European medieval society were largely bu ilt upon the views of Aristotle and others alike that degraded the status of women into a lower form of life, characterizing them as secondary to men. Many successive Christian intellects such as St. Augustine also contributed to establishing the idea of misogyny in the medieval views toward the female sexuality, which helped to create the gender stereotype that severely separated the role of men and women. One possible explanation forRead MoreHow Women Were Viewed During The Medieval Catholic Time958 Words  | 4 PagesMany people today have misconceptions about how women were viewed during the Medieval Catholic time period (15th century) and the Protestant Reformation (16th century). To be honest, women have always made significant contributions to their culture and life several times in the past and even still today. All throughout history there is evidence that women have been regarded highly of. In â€Å"Woman In Catholic Tradition†by Edgar Schmiedeler, St. Jerome q uoted â€Å"There are people, O Paula and EstochiumRead MoreA Womans Role in Todays Society1381 Words  | 6 Pageswhat a woman in the house hold of the business. Further will probably ask rights if any women had and how did women live back then and if they had any power at all. It is these types of issues that this short essay will attempt to probe. Issues of Power and Sources As Tina Cooper puts it, it all depends on how you define power. Depending on the definition of power, it might surprise the modern observer that women before 1500 exercised much more power or influence than many sources have revealedRead MoreDaily Life During The Middle Ages1076 Words  | 5 PagesDaily life during the Middle Ages is sometimes hard to fathom. Pop culture loves to focus on exciting medieval moments-heroic knights charging into battle; romantic liaisons between royalty and commoner; breakthroughs and discoveries made. But life for your average person during the Dark Ages was very routine, and activities revolved around an agrarian calendar. Most of the time was spent working the land, and trying to grow enough food to survive another year. Church feasts marked sowing and reapingRead MoreMedieval Chivalry Essay1668 Words  | 7 Pageswho followed it. This moral guideline held them true to their duties to man, God, and women (Sex, Society, and Medieval Women). All of which are reflected in the three themes of Chivalry: Warrior chivalry, religious chivalry, and courtly love chivalry (Sex, Society, and Medieval Women). These three hold their individual roles, all stimulating a different part of the mind and creating a code held by all areas of life in those who hold it. The underlying question posed in this intense pledge is whetherRead MoreImpossible to Generalize about Medieval Women1342 Words  | 5 PagesMedieval British History 1189-1485 Is it possible to generalise about the lives of medieval women? Within this essay I am going to look at a range of sources to discuss and evaluate whether it is possible for us today to generalise about the lives of medieval women. At this point in time most people tended to live in small rural communities, making their living form the land. If you were a female peasant living in medieval society you would have a large amount of domestic duties. Not onlyRead MoreThe Role Of Gender Roles In The Medieval Ages1087 Words  | 5 Pagesthat they should be the ones to bring in the income and be in charge of the household, while women are taught to stay home, take care of the children and be domestic. This concept has been a prominent factor in medieval life and continues to be prominent to this day. Gender roles have not changed since the medieval period, men continue to wear their â€Å"masks of masculinity†and dominate the workforce, while women are still expected dominate the domestic sphere. From a young age, boys are engraved withRead MoreThe Wife Of Bath s Prologue And Tale1338 Words  | 6 PagesDuring medieval times, women were not placed on a high pedestal; in fact, some religious institutions at the time felt women were in almost every instance the weaker sex. Misogyny abounded during these times. Quite often than not, women played a very minimized role in medieval literature. The pattern was the same: either they were a helpless damsel in need of a knight in shining armor with his trusty stead or they were portrayed as being sexually promiscuous with multiple men which stoked the fireRead MoreSocial Classes And Gender, Ideology, And The Daily Lives Of The Poor1266 Words  | 6 Pagesboth social classes and genders in regards to how they experienced poverty in Medieval Paris. In Sharon Farmer’s Surviving Poverty in Medieval Paris: Gender, Ideology, and the Daily Lives of the Poor , the opposition between those of the upper and lower classes is evident by her observation of the impoverished being seen as less trustworthy. The distinction between how both genders experienced poverty is addressed. Women were viewed as a liability that could only be controlled by the male figure inRead MoreWomen In Geoffrey Chaucers Canterbury Tales1288 Words  | 6 Pageswhile women seem to be presented in a different way than they are in other contemporary works. The aim of this essay is to present the ways in which the portrayal of women is different, and trace their role within Chaucer’s masterpiece. In doing so, first some general characteristics of how women were viewed during the medieval period are presented, and then there is an analysis of how they are presented in Chaucer and the differences from the stereotype. The Medieval Society and Women The medieval
Friday, December 13, 2019
Effect of Temperature on Permeability of Membrane Free Essays
The beet (Beta vulgar’s) is a plant in the Chenopodiaceae family. It is best known in its numerous cultivated varieties, the most well known of which is probably the red or urple root vegetable known as the beetroot or garden beet. However, other cultivated varieties include the leaf vegetables chardand spinach beet, as well as the root vegetables sugar beet, which is important in the production of table sugar, and mangelwurzel, which is a fodder crop. We will write a custom essay sample on Effect of Temperature on Permeability of Membrane or any similar topic only for you Order Now Three subspecies are typically recognised. All cultivated varieties fall into the subspecies Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgar’s, while Beta vulgaris subsp. maritima, commonly known as the sea beet, is the wild ancestor of hese and is found throughout the Mediterranean, the Atlantic coast of Europe, the Near East, andlndia. A second wild subspecies, Beta vulgaris subsp. adanensis, occurs from Greece to Syria. Beetroot cells like any other eukaryotic cells have many types of cell organelle present. Some of these organelles are bounded by a single membrane, e. g. lysosomes, Golgi apparatus, vacuoles; some are bounded by two membranes (an envelope), e. g. nucleus, mitochondrion. Beetroot appears as a dark red/ purple colour and this is caused by the betalain pigment, which is contained ithin the vacuole of beetroot cells. In order for the betalain to leave the cell it needs to pass through 2 different membranes; the membrane bounding the vacuole and the membrane enclosing the cell. Betalain pigments, named after the Red beet (Beta vulgaris). They replace anthocyanins in plants of the order Caryophyllales (Cacti, beets Co. , bougainvillaea, phytolacca, large-flowered purslane etc and also in some fungi such as fly agaric). Two categories of betalains exist and each have distinct color and chemical properties. Betacyanins convey a blue-violent to reddish-purple coloring, are a source of antioxidants and are susceptible to color changes depending antioxidants and are relatively stable. Betalains are found exclusively within one plant order, which includes beets, prickly pear cactus, chard and amaranth. Betanin is a specific betacyanin and the most prominent pigment in the red beet root where it contributes between 75% – 90% of the total visible color. Plasma membrane Plasma membrane is a biological membrane that separates the interior of all cells rom the outside environment. The cell membrane is selectively-permeable to ions and organic molecules and controls the movement of substances in and out of cells. It consists of the phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins, which are involved in a variety of cellular processes such as cell adhesion, ion conductivity and cell signaling. The plasma membrane also serves as the attachment surface for the extracellular glycocalyx and cell wall and intracellular cytoskeleton. Plasma membrane proteins function in several different ways. How to cite Effect of Temperature on Permeability of Membrane, Papers
Thursday, December 5, 2019
Key aspects of health and safety legislation-Samples for Students
Questions: 1.What are the key aspects of health and safety legislation? 2.What processes or procedures might an organisation use to identify hazards and monitor risk control procedures? 3.Why is it important to provide information to work teams on the relevant health and safety legislation, the organisations health and safety policies, procedures and programs, and any identified hazards and their control? 4.Explain the importance of effective consultative mechanisms in managing health and safety risks and describe what they entail. 5.Explain how the hierarchy of control applies in the work area. Answers: 1.After the heady days of the US and global financial meltdown of 2007/2008; the UAW allowed some manufacturers to introduce two-tier wages with the aim of lowering production costs and to spur growth in the depressed automotive sector . Apart from helping save the auto makers, the system has helped spur a growth in jobs in the industry, with hitherto closed factories being opened and creating job opportunities for the unemployed, even if the entry wages are nearly half that of tier 2 employees (Lee, 2011). The two-tier systems has helped create jobs and spur the growth of jobs in the US Auto industry 2.Inevitably, the two-tier wage system raises concerns due to the wide wage disparity between new and established workers; this is more of a social issue than an economic one. Viewed through the prism of economics, the two-tier wage system is sustainable, especially in the short to medium term; this is because it makes sense to have more people productively employed, gaining crucial skills while helping automotive workers balance their books and regain profitability that can guarantee even the entry level workers earning less a job and stable income in the future. In the short and medium term, the system has been very successful (Wernle, 2014). In the longer term, however, it will not be sustainable, especially from a social angel because as the FIAT CEO has argued, it is likely to create resentment and two classes of workers within the same factory. Talking of its sustainability, the answer is yes and no; yes because from a purely economic angle, it will be acceptable for unemployed people to accept jobs at a lower wage rate than remain unemployed. Some of the drawbacks to two tier wage systems is obvious resentment from those paid less and problems with unions of equal pay for equal work It will also help the auto makers lower costs and gain profitability, and this will lead to expansion and opening of new plants that will increase employment. Meanwhile, the entry level employees will eventually move to the established employees rank and earn more wages. Elsewhere, it has been successful, tied to the seniority system that has long been a tradition in Japanese companies (White, 2018). The concerns of the FIAT CEO are justified by social factors, where eventually, there will be resentment and class issues based on wages that can adversely impact productivity and cooperation among staff: this is why Marchionne thinks it will create two classes of workers. Some drawbacks of the system is that it will be complicated in the long term when auto makers become profitable and have to negotiate wages with the UAW. These are legitimate concerns; experienced workers in the lower wage bracket are likely to seek greener pastures, disrupting their current employers, so in the long t erm, the system as presently implemented is NOT sustainable: what is required is its evolution to something better 3.Using non GM workers may be economically sound but social unsustainable; based on the Hierarchy of needs and sociological functioning, employees seek loyalty from employers and vice versa. While it may work in the short term, it is unsustainable in the medium to long term: this would be Marchionnes thoughts about the approach, it still will create resentment as well. 4.The two-tier system will go away in the near future, with the most likely scenario is for it to evolve, say to be used for interns rather than full time employees. Union pressure, and worker demands for equal pay for equal work will eventually see its disbandment, or at the very least, its evolution (Chen, 2011) References Chen, L. (2011).Two-Tier Wages Are Likely to Evolve - NYTimes.com. [online] Nytimes.com. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/roomfordebate/2011/09/18/can-detroit-sustain-its-two-tier-pay/two-tier-wages-are-likely-to-evolve [Accessed 23 Feb. 2018]. Lee, D. (2011).Two-tier pay system brings reopening of GM plant, reviving hope. [online] LA Times. Available at: https://articles.latimes.com/2011/dec/18/business/la-fi-economy-wages-20111218 [Accessed 23 Feb. 2018]. Wernle, B. (2014). Why mess with 2-tier wage success?. [online] Automotive News. Available at: https://www.autonews.com/article/20140526/OEM02/305269987/why-mess-with-2-tier-wage-success%3F [Accessed 23 Feb. 2018]. White, S. (2018).Japanese companies running out of excuses not to raise wages. [online] Japan Today. Available at: https://japantoday.com/category/business/Japanese-companies-running-out-of-excuses-not-to-raise-wages [Accessed 23 Feb. 2018].
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